Survey of Ophthalmology
Volume 46, Issue 2 , Pages 178-181 , September 2001

II. Topical/Intracameral Anesthesia for Cataract Surgery

  • S.Akbar Hasan, MD

      Affiliations

    • Departments of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
    • ,
  • Henry F Edelhauser, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
    • ,
  • Terry Kim, MD

      Affiliations

    • Departments of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA

References 

  1. Anders N, Heuermann T, Ruther K, Hartmann C. Clinical and electrophysiologic results after intracameral lidocaine 1% anesthesia (a prospective randomized study). Ophthalmology. 1999;106:1863–1868
  2. Anderson NJ, Nath R, Anderson CJ, Edelhauser HF. Comparison of preservative-free bupivacaine vs. lidocaine for intracameral anesthesia (a randomized clinical trial and in vitro analysis). Am J Ophthalmol. 1999;127:393–402
  3. Anderson NJ, Woods WD, Kim T, et al.  Intracameral anesthesia (in vitro iris and corneal uptake and washout of 1% lidocaine hydrochloride). Arch Ophthalmol. 1999;117:225–232
  4. Arnold PN. Prospective study of a single-injection peribulbar technique. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1992;18:157–161
  5. Atkinson WS. The development of ophthalmic anesthesia. Am J Ophthalmol. 1961;51:1–14
  6. Barequet IS, Soriano ES, Green WR, OBrien TP. Provision of anesthesia with single application of lidocaine 2% gel. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1999;25:626–631
  7. Bloomberg LB. Anterior periocular anesthesia (five years experience). J Cataract Refract Surg. 1991;17:508–511
  8. Brown DC, Fine IH, Gills JP et al: The future of foldables. Ocular Surgery News. Panel discussion at the 1992 ACRS meeting
  9. Carino NS, Slomovic AR, Chung F, Marcovich AL. Topical tetracaine versus topical tetracaine plus intracameral lidocaine for cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1998;24:1602–1608
  10. Crandall AS, Zabriskie NA, Patel BC, et al.  A comparison of patient comfort during cataract surgery with topical anesthesia versus topical anesthesia and intracameral lidocaine. Ophthalmology. 1999;106:60–66
  11. Davis DB, Mandel MR. Posterior peribulbar anesthesia (an alternative to retrobulbar anesthesia). J Cataract Refract Surg. 1986;12:182–184
  12. Ellis P. Retrobulbar injections. Surv Ophthalmol. 1974;18:425–430
  13. Elvira JC, Hueso JR, Martinez-Toldos J, et al.  Induced endothelial cell loss in phacoemulsification using topical anesthesia plus intracameral lidocaine. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1999;25:640–642
  14. Feibel RM. Current concepts in retrobulbar anesthesia. Surv Ophthalmol. 1985;30:102–110
  15. Fichman RA. Topical eyedrops replace injection for anesthesia. Ocular Surg News. 1992;3:20–21
  16. Fraser SG, Siriwadena D, Jamieson H, et al.  Indicators of patient suitability for topical anesthesia. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1997;23:781–783
  17. Garcia A, Loureiro F, Limao A, et al.  Preservative-free lidocaine 1% anterior chamber irrigation as an adjunct to topical anesthesia. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1998;24:403–406
  18. Gills JP: Intracameral lidocaine. AAO 1995:
  19. Gills JP, Cherchio M, Raanan MG. Unpreserved lidocaine to control discomfort during cataract surgery using topical anesthesia. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1997;23:545–550
  20. Hay A, Flynn HW, Hoffman JI, Rivera AH. Needle penetration of the globe during retrobulbar and peribulbar injections. Ophthalmology. 1991;98:1017–1024
  21. Hoffman RS, Fine IH. Transient no light perception visual acuity after intracameral lidocaine injection. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1997;23:957–958
  22. Iradier MT, Fernandez C, Bohorquez P, et al.  Intraocular lidocaine in phacoemulsification (an endothelium and blood–aqueous barrier permeability study). Ophthalmology. 2000;107:896–900discussion 900–1
  23. Jacobi PC, Dietlein TS, Jacobi FK. A comparative study of topical vs retrobulbar anesthesia in complicated cataract surgery. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000;118:1037–1043
  24. Javitt JC, Addiego R, Friedberg HL, et al.  Brain stem anesthesia after retrobulbar block. Ophthalmology. 1987;94:718–724
  25. Kershner RM. Topical anesthesia for small incision self-sealing cataract surgery. A prospective evaluation of the first. 1993;100(patients. J Cataract Refract Surg 19):290–292
  26. Kim T, Holley GP, Lee JH, et al.  The effects of intraocular lidocaine on the corneal endothelium. Ophthalmology. 1998;105:125–130
  27. Knapp H. On cocaine and its use in ophthalmic and general surgery. Arch Ophthalmol. 1884;13:402–448
  28. Koch PS. Efficacy of lidocaine 2% jelly as a topical agent in cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1999;25:632–634
  29. Koch PS. Anterior chamber irrigation with unpreserved lidocaine 1% for anesthesia during cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1997;23:551–554
  30. Leaming DV. Practice styles and preferences of ASCRS members—1999 survey. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2000;26:913–921
  31. Martin RG, Miller JD, Cox CC, et al.  Safety and efficacy of intracameral injections of unpreserved lidocaine to reduce intraocular sensation. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1998;24:961–963
  32. Masket S, Gokmen F. Efficacy and safety of intracameral lidocaine as a supplement to topical anesthesia. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1998;24:956–960
  33. McFarland MS: Surgeon undertakes phaco, foldable IOL series san sutures. Ocular Surgery News 8, 1990
  34. Morgan CM, Schatz H, Vine AK, et al.  Ocular complications associated with retrobulbar injections. Ophthalmology. 1988;95:660–665
  35. Novak KD, Koch DD. Topical anesthesia for phacoemulsification (initial 20-case series with one month follow-up). J Cataract Refract Surg. 1995;21:672–675
  36. Pooley GH. An improvement in local anaesthesia in operations upon the eye. Ophthalmoscope. 1914;12:464–467
  37. Roman S, Auclin F, Ullern M. Topical versus peribulbar anesthesia in cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1996;22:1121–1124
  38. Russell DA, Guyton JS. Retrobulbar injection of lidocaine(xylocaine) for anesthesia and akinesia. Am J Ophthalmol. 1954;38:78–84
  39. Schimizu K. Pure corneal incision. Phaco & Foldables. 1992;5:5–8
  40. Tseng SH, Chen FK. A randomized clinical trial of combined topical-intracameral anesthesia in cataract surgery. Ophthalmology. 1998;105:2007–2011
  41. Van Bergen TM, Swets EJ. Retrobulbar anesthesia with a four cc injection. Am J Ophthalmol. 1963;56:825–826
  42. Wirbelauer C, Iven H, Bastian C, Laqua H. Systemic levels of lidocaine after intracameral injection during cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1999;25:648–651

☆ The authors have no commercial or proprietary interest in any product or idea discussed in this article.

PII: S0039-6257(01)00248-X

Survey of Ophthalmology
Volume 46, Issue 2 , Pages 178-181 , September 2001

Article Tools