Survey of Ophthalmology
Volume 47 , Pages S105-S115 , August 2002

Bimatoprost and Travoprost: A Review of Recent Studies of Two New Glaucoma Drugs

  • Dan L. Eisenberg, MD

      Affiliations

    • Shepherd Eye Center, Las Vegas, NV USA
  • ,
  • Carol B. Toris, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint address: Carol B. Toris, PhD, Department of Ophthalmology, 985145 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5145, USA
    • Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
  • ,
  • Carl B. Camras, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA

References 

  1. Alm A, Camras CB, Watson PG. Phase III latanoprost studies in Scandinavia, the United Kingdom and the United States. Surv Ophthalmol. 1997;41(Suppl):S105–S110
  2. Alm A, Stjernschantz J, the Scandinavian Latanoprost Study Group . Effects on intraocular pressure and side effects of 0.005% latanoprost applied once daily, evening or morning. A comparison with timolol. Ophthalmology. 1995;102:1743–1752
  3. Alm A, Villumsen J. PhXA34, a new potent ocular hypotensive drug. A study on dose-response relationship and on aqueous humor dynamics in healthy volunteers. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991;109:1564–1568
  4. Brandt JD, VanDenburgh AM, Chen K, et al.  Comparison of once- or twice-daily bimatoprost with twice-daily timolol in patients with elevated IOP (a 3-month clinical trial). Ophthalmology. 2001;108:1023–1031
  5. Brubaker RF, Schoff EO, Nau CB, et al.  Effects of AGN 192024, a new ocular hypotensive agent, on aqueous dynamics. Am J Ophthalmol. 2001;131:19–24
  6. Campbell RC: Statistics for Biologists. Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, Cambridge University Press, 1989, ed 3
  7. Camras CB. Bimatoprost vs. timolol. Ophthalmology. 2002;109:627–628 [letter]
  8. Camras CB. Travoprost compared with latanoprost and timolol in patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;133:732; [letter]
  9. Camras CB, Minckler D. Does that drug work? Pitfalls in studies on the efficacy and safety of glaucoma medications. Am J Ophthalmol. 2000;129:87–89
  10. Camras CB, Siebold EC, Lustgarten JS, et al.  Maintained reduction of intraocular pressure by prostaglandin F-1-isopropyl ester applied in multiple doses in ocular hypertensive and glaucoma patients. Ophthalmology. 1989;96:1329–1337
  11. Camras CB, the United States Latanoprost Study Group . Comparison of latanoprost and timolol in patients with ocular hypertension and glaucoma. A six-month, masked, multicenter trial in the United States. Ophthalmology. 1996;103:138–147
  12. Camras CB, Wax MB, Ritch R, et al.  Latanoprost treatment for glaucoma (effects of treating for 1 year and of switching from timolol). Am J Ophthalmol. 1998;126:390–399
  13. Coleman RA, Kennedy I, Sheldrick RL. New evidence with selective agonists and antagonists for the subclassification of PGE2-sensitive (EP) receptors. Adv Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot Res. 1987;17A:467–470
  14. Colton T: Statistics in Medicine. Boston, MA, Little, Brown and Company, 1974, ed 1
  15. Crawford K, Kaufman PL, Gabelt BT. Effects of topical PGF on aqueous humor dynamics in cynomolgus monkeys. Curr Eye Res. 1987;6:1035–1044
  16. DuBiner H, Cooke D, Dirks M, et al.  Efficacy and safety of bimatoprost in patients with elevated intraocular pressure (a 30-day comparison with latanoprost). Surv Ophthalmol. 2001;45:S353–S360
  17. Dukes M, Russell W, Walpole AL. Potent luteolytic agents related to prostaglandin F2alpha. Nature. 1974;250:330–331
  18. Fleiss JL. Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1981; ed 2
  19. Gandolfi S, Simmons ST, Sturm R, et al.  Three-month comparison of bimatoprost and latanoprost in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Adv Ther. 2001;18:110–121
  20. Goldberg I, Cunha-Vaz J, Jakobsen JE, et al.  Comparison of topical travoprost eye drops given once daily and timolol 0.5% given twice daily in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. J Glaucoma. 2001;10:414–422
  21. Hedman K, Alm A. A pooled-data analysis of three randomized, double-masked, six-month clinical studies comparing the intraocular pressure reducing effect of latanoprost and timolol. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2000;10:95–104
  22. Hellberg MR, McLaughlin MA, Sharif NA. Identification and characterization of the ocular hypotensive efficacy of travoprost, a potent and selective FP prostaglandin receptor agonist, and AL-6598, a DP prostaglandin receptor agonist. Surv Ophthalmol. 2002;47(Suppl 1):S13–S33
  23. Hellberg MR, Sallee VL, McLaughlin MA, et al.  Preclinical efficacy of travoprost, a potent and selective FP prostaglandin receptor agonist. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2001;17:421–432
  24. Johnstone MA. Hypertrichosis and increased pigmentation of eyelashes and adjacent hair in the region of the ipsilateral eyelids of patients treated with unilateral topical latanoprost. Am J Ophthalmol. 1997;124:544–547
  25. Ke TL, Graff G, Spellman JM, Yanni JM. Nepafenac, a unique nonsteroidal prodrug with potential utility in the treatment of trauma-induced ocular inflammation (II. In vitro bioactivation and permeation of external ocular barriers). Inflammation. 2000;24:371–384
  26. Kerstetter JR, Brubaker RF, Wilson SE, Kullerstrand LJ. Prostaglandin F-1-isopropyl ester lowers intraocular pressure without decreasing aqueous humor flow. Am J Ophthalmol. 1988;105:30–34
  27. Laibovitz RA, VanDenburgh AM, Felix C, et al.  Comparison of the ocular hypotensive lipid AGN 192024 with timolol (dosing, efficacy, and safety evaluation of a novel compound for glaucoma management). Arch Ophthalmol. 2001;119:994–1000
  28. Mastropasqua L, Carpineto P, Ciancaglini M, Gallenga PE. A 12-month, randomized, double-masked study comparing latanoprost with timolol in pigmentary glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 1999;106:550–555
  29. Matsuda S, Kanemitsu N, Nakamura A, et al.  Metabolism of anandamide, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, in porcine ocular tissues. Exp Eye Res. 1997;64:707–711
  30. Maxey KM, Johnson J, LaBrecque J. The hydrolysis of bimatoprost in corneal tissue generates a potent prostanoid FP receptor agonist. Surv Ophthalmol. 2002;47(Suppl 1):S34–S40
  31. Mishima HK, Kiuchi Y, Takamatsu M, et al.  Circadian intraocular pressure management with latanoprost (diurnal and nocturnal intraocular pressure reduction and increased uveoscleral outflow). Surv Ophthalmol. 1997;41:S139–S144
  32. Mishima HK, Masuda K, Kitazawa Y, et al.  A comparison of latanoprost and timolol in primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. A 12 week study. Arch Ophthalmol. 1996;114:929–932
  33. Netland PA, Landry T, Sullivan EK, et al.  Travoprost compared with latanoprost and timolol in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Am J Ophthalmol. 2001;132:472–484
  34. Nilsson SFE, Samuelsson M, Bill A, Stjernschantz J. Increased uveoscleral outflow as a possible mechanism of ocular hypotension caused by prostaglandin F-1-isopropylester in the cynomolgus monkey. Exp Eye Res. 1989;48:707–716
  35. Pate DW, Jarvinen K, Urtti A, et al.  Effects of topical anandamides on intraocular pressure in normotensive rabbits. Life Sci. 1996;58:1849–1860
  36. Resul B, Stjernschantz J, No K, et al.  Phenyl-substituted prostaglandins (potent and selective antiglaucoma agents). J Med Chem. 1993;36:243–248
  37. Resul B, Stjernschantz J, Selén G, Bito LZ. Structure-activity relationships and receptor profiles of some ocular hypotensive prostanoids. Surv Ophthalmol. 1997;41:S47–S52
  38. Sakurai M, Araie M, Oshika T, et al.  Effects of topical application of UF-021, a novel prostaglandin derivative, on aqueous humor dynamics in normal human eyes. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1991;35:156–165
  39. Sharif NA, Williams GW, Kelly CR. Bimatoprost and its free acid are prostaglandin FP receptor agonists. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001;432:211–213
  40. Sherwood M, Brandt J, for the Bimatoprost Study Groups 1 and 2 . Six-month comparison of bimatoprost once-daily and twice-daily with timolol twice-daily in patients with elevated intraocular pressure. Surv Ophthalmol. 2001;45:S361–S368
  41. Stjernschantz J, Resul B. Phenyl substituted prostaglandin analogs for glaucoma treatment. Drugs Future. 1992;17:691–704
  42. Stjernschantz JW. From PGF-isopropyl ester to latanoprost (a review of the development of Xalatan: the Proctor Lecture). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42:1134–1145
  43. Tetsuka H, Tsuchisaka H, Kin K, et al.  A mechanism for reducing intraocular pressure in normal volunteers using UF-021, a prostaglandin-related compound. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 1992;96:496–500
  44. Toris CB, Camras CB, Yablonski ME. Effects of PhXA41, a new prostaglandin F analog, on aqueous humor dynamics in human eyes. Ophthalmology. 1993;100:1297–1304
  45. Toris CB, Camras CB, Yablonski ME, Brubaker RF. Effects of exogenous prostaglandins on aqueous humor dynamics and blood-aqueous barrier function. Surv Ophthalmol. 1997;41:S69–S75
  46. Toris CB, Zhan G, Camras CB, McLaughlin MA: Travoprost increases uveoscleral outflow in monkeys. ARVO Abstract #1970, 2002
  47. Villumsen J, Alm A. Prostaglandin F-isopropylester eye drops (effects in normal human eyes). Br J Ophthalmol. 1989;73:419–426
  48. Watson P, Stjernschantz J, the Latanoprost Study Group . A six-month, randomized, double-masked study comparing latanoprost with timolol in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Ophthalmology. 1996;103:126–137
  49. Weinreb RN, Toris CB, Gabelt BT, et al.  Effects of prostaglandins on the aqueous humor outflow pathways. Surv Ophthalmol. 2002;47(Suppl 1):S53–S64
  50. Woodward DF, Krauss AHP, Chen J, et al.  The pharmacology of bimatoprost (Lumigan). Surv Ophthalmol. 2001;45:S337–S345
  51. Zhang WY, Po ALW, Dua HS, Azuara-Blanco A. Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing latanoprost with timolol in the treatment of patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Br J Ophthalmol. 2001;85:983–990
  52. Ziai N, Dolan JW, Kacere RD, Brubaker RF. The effects on aqueous dynamics of PhXA41, a new prostaglandin F2alpha analogue, after topical application in normal and ocular hypertensive human eyes. Arch Ophthalmol. 1993;111:1351–1358

 Supported by the an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc., New York, NY. Dr. Camras is a Research to Prevent Blindness Senior Scientific Investigator, and a consultant to the Pharmacia Corporation. The authors reported no proprietary or commercial interest in any product mentioned or concept discussed in this article.

PII: S0039-6257(02)00327-2

Survey of Ophthalmology
Volume 47 , Pages S105-S115 , August 2002