Survey of Ophthalmology RSS feed: Current Issue. Survey of Ophthalmology is a clinically oriented review journal designed to keep ophthalmologists up to date. Comprehensive major review articles, written by experts and stringently refereed, integrate the literature on subjects selected for their clinical importance. Survey also includes feature articles, section reviews, book reviews, and abstracts. To view video files associated with published manuscripts, click here . http://www.surveyophthalmol.com/?rss=yesElsevier Inc.en © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Survey of Ophthalmology0039-62575712 January 2012 © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. healthpermissions@elsevier.comhttp://www.surveyophthalmol.com/article/PIIS0039625711001664/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: The original intent of glaucoma surgery was to allow aqueous humor to exit more easily either through the sclera or into the suprachoroidal space. The former came to be called, generically, a glaucoma filtering procedure. As this surgery evolved, some explored the concept of lowering pressure without producing a hole in the sclera, with its resultant “filtering bleb.” For example, Cairns hoped that cutting open the edges of Schlemm’s canal would allow aqueous to leave without producing a filtering bleb; however, it became apparent that Cairns’s “trabeculectomy” only worked when a filtering bleb developed. The goal of today’s trabeculectomy is the creation of a longlasting transscleral fistula. In fact, trabeculectomy is a misnomer as excision of trabecular meshwork is unimportant. Frequently, the tissue excised to create a trans-scleral fistula is sclera, cornea, or both. The current trabeculectomy is really a guarded sclerokeratectomy. Newer techniques hope to increase aqueous outflow through Schlemm’s canal to avoid complications associated with subconjunctival filtering blebs. Non-penetrating glaucoma surgeries (deep sclerectomy, viscocanalostomy) and ab interno trabecular surgery attempt to lower intraocular pressure with bleb-less procedures. We describe the recent evolution of glaucoma surgery, particularly the idea that intraocular pressure may be lowered satisfactorily without creating a filtering bleb.The Changing Conceptual Basis of Trabeculectomy: A Review of Past and Current Surgical TechniquesM. Reza Razeghinejad, Scott J. Fudemberg, George L. Spaeth10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.07.005Survey of Ophthalmology 57, 1 (2012)2012-01-02Survey of Ophthalmology2012-01-02571S0039-6257(11)X0008-5Major Review125http://www.surveyophthalmol.com/article/PIIS0039625711001652/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: IgG4-related systemic disease (IgG4-RD) is an inflammatory condition of unknown etiology that has been identified as the cause of tumefactive lesions in a number of tissues and organs. The role of the IgG4 remains to be clarified fully, but the histopathologic diagnosis hinges upon the finding of IgG4-bearing plasma cells in addition to characteristic morphologic features, with or without elevated seum IgG4. We present a 56-year-old man with orbital pseudotumor in whom, after 30 years of intractable disease, biopsy showed IgG4-RD involving the lacrimal gland, extraocular muscles, intraconal fat, and trigeminal nerve. Six months after initiating treatment with rituximab, his disease remained dormant, with improvement in his proptosis and normalization of serum IgG4 levels. We review the differential of idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease, including IgG4-RD, and emphasize the need for biopsy for accurate diagnosis and to guide appropriate treatment.IgG4-Related Systemic Disease as a Cause of “Idiopathic” Orbital Inflammation, Including Orbital Myositis, and Trigeminal Nerve InvolvementZachary S. Wallace, Arezou Khosroshahi, Frederick A. Jakobiec, Vikram Deshpande, Mark P. Hatton, Jill Ritter, Judith A. Ferry, John H. Stone10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.07.004Survey of Ophthalmology 57, 1 (2012)2011-10-24Survey of Ophthalmology2011-10-24571S0039-6257(11)X0008-5Clinical Pathologic Reviews2633http://www.surveyophthalmol.com/article/PIIS0039625711001354/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Visual impairment is a large and growing socioeconomic problem. Good evidence on rehabilitation outcomes is required to guide service development and improve the lives of people with sight loss. Of the 478 potentially relevant articles identified, only 58 studies met our liberal inclusion criteria, and of these only 7 were randomized controlled trials. Although the literature is sufficient to confirm that rehabilitation services result in improved clinical and functional ability outcomes, the effects on mood, vision-related quality of life (QoL) and health-related QoL are less clear. There are some good data on the performance of particular types of intervention, but almost no useful data about outcomes in children, those of working age, and other groups. There were no reports on cost effectiveness. Overall, the number of well-designed and adequately reported studies is pitifully small; visual rehabilitation research needs higher quality research. We highlight study design and reporting considerations and suggest a future research agenda.How Effective is Low Vision Service Provision? A Systematic ReviewAlison M. Binns, Catey Bunce, Chris Dickinson, Robert Harper, Rhiannon Tudor-Edwards, Margaret Woodhouse, Pat Linck, Alan Suttie, Jonathan Jackson, Jennifer Lindsay, James Wolffsohn, Lindsey Hughes, Tom H. Margrain10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.06.006Survey of Ophthalmology 57, 1 (2012)2011-10-24Survey of Ophthalmology2011-10-24571S0039-6257(11)X0008-5Public Health and the Eye3465http://www.surveyophthalmol.com/article/PIIS0039625711001366/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Samuel Johnson, the acclaimed author of the Dictionary of the English Language, survived childhood scrofula with impaired sight and hearing. The cause of his scrofula has been attributed to bovine tuberculosis, but mycobacterial infection does not satisfactorily account for the peculiar features of Johnson’s eye disorder or his hearing loss. The subject of numerous biographies, Johnson may have the most scrutinized medical history of all time. Medical detectives, hampered by the vagueness of 18th-century diagnosis, suspect that phlyctenular eye disease related to tuberculosis was the reason for his visual impairment. Pediatric brucellosis can also explain childhood scrofula associated with visual and auditory disabilities, but it may be difficult to reconcile any single diagnosis given the uncertainties surrounding Johnson’s medical and ocular histories.The Visual Impairment and Inscrutable Disease of Samuel JohnsonCurtis E. Margo, Lynn E. Harman10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.07.001Survey of Ophthalmology 57, 1 (2012)2011-10-24Survey of Ophthalmology2011-10-24571S0039-6257(11)X0008-5History of Ophthalmology6676http://www.surveyophthalmol.com/article/PIIS0039625711000348/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: A 12-year-old girl presented with painless decreased vision in the left eye. Dilated fundus examination was consistent with Wyburn-Mason syndrome, and subsequent neuroimaging demonstrated a retro-orbital arteriovenous malformation. The etiology of the vision loss is discussed, as well as management options of Wyburn-Mason syndrome.A Twisted MessPaul S. Tlucek, Annie Moreau, R. Michael Siatkowski, Michael X. Repka10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.02.002Survey of Ophthalmology 57, 1 (2012)2011-05-30Survey of Ophthalmology2011-05-30571S0039-6257(11)X0008-5Clinical Challenges7782http://www.surveyophthalmol.com/article/PIIS0039625711002062/abstract?rss=yesVishwanathan R, Goodrow-Kotyla E, Wooten B, et al. Consumption of 2 and 4 egg yolks/d for 5 wk increases macular pigment concentrations in older adults with low macular pigment taking cholesterol-lowering statins. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90:1272–9Effects of Egg Consumption on Macular Pigment Concentration and Serum CholesterolSheela Krishnan, Sushant Wagley, Jorge G. Arroyo10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.09.004Survey of Ophthalmology 57, 1 (2012)2012-01-02Survey of Ophthalmology2012-01-02571S0039-6257(11)X0008-5Current Ophthalmology and Medicine8384http://www.surveyophthalmol.com/article/PIIS0039625711002074/abstract?rss=yesI would like to commend Dr. Bhagat and coauthors for their comprehensive review on post-traumatic infectious endophthalmitis. I particularly believe the systematic approach the authors have tried to imprint to their article poses useful schematization.Bacterial Post-traumatic EndophthalmitisGianluca Carifi10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.09.005Survey of Ophthalmology 57, 1 (2012)2012-01-02Survey of Ophthalmology2012-01-02571S0039-6257(11)X0008-5Letters8586http://www.surveyophthalmol.com/article/PIIS0039625711002098/abstract?rss=yesWe thank Dr. Carifi for his interest in our recent article, “Post-traumatic Infectious Endophthalmitis.” We agree that guidance with concrete timelines in managing the devastating infection of post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) would be extremely helpful. However, the evidence-based data on various aspects of management of PTE is limited. The literature on PTE mostly involves uncontrolled retrospective case series; only a few prospective randomized studies exist to guide us in managing this devastating infection. We feel that specific time guidelines cannot be made on the basis of limited evidence-based data. Under these constraints, perhaps the best approach is to set up a committee of ocular trauma experts (nominated by the International Society of Ocular Trauma) to discuss this issue and establish guidelines based on the limited available data. These recommendations might be augmented by the results of a prospective survey of the Society's members.Author's ResponseNeelakshi Bhagat, Marco Zarbin, Naya Sagori10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.09.007Survey of Ophthalmology 57, 1 (2012)2012-01-02Survey of Ophthalmology2012-01-02571S0039-6257(11)X0008-5Letters8688http://www.surveyophthalmol.com/article/PIIS0039625711002268/abstract?rss=yesA 40-year-old purveyor of gin reported that he had trouble sighing to find his treats when he went into a movie theater. He had not noticed the problem before, as he never liked movies, but his new girlfriend (a pharmacist) loved potion mixtures. He had no complaints regarding acuity, color vision, or side vision. But curiously, he noted that if he woke up with urgency in the middle of the night, he could bake his way to the math room in the dark.Case Presentation: An Inn Salesman with Jocular SymptomsArchibald W. Spooner10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.10.007Survey of Ophthalmology 57, 1 (2012)2012-01-02Survey of Ophthalmology2012-01-02571S0039-6257(11)X0008-5Time Oph8989http://www.surveyophthalmol.com/article/PIIS0039625711002414/abstract?rss=yesTable of Contents10.1016/S0039-6257(11)00241-4Survey of Ophthalmology 57, 1 (2012)2012-01-02Survey of Ophthalmology2012-01-02571S0039-6257(11)X0008-5FrontmatterA3A4